A narrow exception may permit an expert who was not previously designated by the calling party to provide impeachment testimony at trial. The exception does not allow the witness to present a full competing opinion under the label of impeachment.
Impeachment Focuses on Foundational Facts
An undesignated expert may address whether a factual assumption relied upon by the testifying expert is false or does not exist.
For example, if a valuation expert relied on an incorrect historical business collection rate, another expert might testify about the actual rate shown by the underlying records.
A Competing Opinion Is Not Mere Impeachment
The undesignated witness generally cannot explain how they would value the asset, calculate income, or reach a different ultimate conclusion. That testimony would function as an undisclosed rebuttal opinion.
The distinction turns on whether the testimony disproves a foundational fact or offers a new expert analysis. Courts may exclude testimony that crosses that line.
Regular Expert Disclosure Remains the Safer Approach
A party expecting to present a competing expert opinion should ordinarily disclose that expert through the required exchange. Relying on the impeachment exception creates substantial exclusion risk.
Timely disclosure allows the other party to obtain reports, examine qualifications, take a deposition, and prepare cross-examination.
The Trial Record Must Define the Proper Scope
The attorney offering the impeachment witness should identify the precise factual assumption being challenged. The opposing party may object if the testimony begins presenting an alternative opinion.
Business records, financial data, source documents, and the original expert’s deposition may help establish the difference between factual impeachment and improper undisclosed rebuttal.
A California divorce attorney can designate experts timely, examine the opposing expert’s foundational assumptions, and determine whether narrow impeachment testimony is permissible without turning it into an undisclosed competing opinion.




